Product Description
Cyclin D1 (CCND1) is a regulatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6 and plays a central role in governing cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. By forming active Cyclin D1–CDK complexes, it promotes phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), thereby releasing E2F transcription factors and enabling DNA synthesis.
Cyclin D1 expression is tightly regulated by mitogenic signals, growth factors, and intracellular signaling pathways including MAPK, PI3K–AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin. Aberrant overexpression or stabilization of Cyclin D1 is a common feature of many cancers and is associated with uncontrolled proliferation, genomic instability, and poor clinical outcomes.
Immunostaining of Cyclin D1 reveals predominantly nuclear localization, reflecting its role in transcriptional and cell-cycle regulation. In some contexts, cytoplasmic localization may also be observed and has been linked to noncanonical signaling functions. The BioDeviceLab Cyclin D1 Antibody is supplied as a purified monoclonal antibody to support flexible assay design and integration into both conventional and advanced in vitro platforms.
The antibody is compatible with standard immunostaining workflows and is well suited for use in 2D cultures, 3D organoids, spheroids, and organ-on-chip systems where proliferation dynamics and cell-cycle regulation are investigated.
Intended Use
This product is intended for research applications including
• Cell-cycle and proliferation analysis
• Immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry imaging
• Organoid, spheroid, and 3D culture characterization
• Organ-on-chip and microfluidic model validation
• Cancer biology and oncogenic signaling studies
• Drug response and cell-cycle perturbation assays
• Multiplex phenotyping with proliferation markers
• Biosensor, biodevice, and assay biological validation
Principle of Operation
Cyclin D1 is primarily localized in the nucleus during the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Following appropriate fixation and permeabilization, antibody binding enables
• Visualization of proliferative cell populations by immunofluorescence
• Assessment of cell-cycle progression and G1–S transition
• Quantification of proliferation changes in response to stimuli or drugs
• Correlation of cell-cycle status with signaling or phenotypic markers
• Integration of proliferation readouts with epithelial or stromal markers
Technical Information
Target antigen: Cyclin D1 (CCND1)
Alternative names: PRAD1, BCL1
Protein type: Cell-cycle regulatory protein
Approximate molecular weight: ~36 kDa
Cellular localization: Predominantly nuclear
Clonality: Monoclonal
Host species: Mouse
Isotype: IgG (clone dependent)
Commonly used commercial clones: SP4, DCS-6, EP12
Validated applications (clone dependent): IF/ICC, IHC, western blot
Typical stock concentration (industry reference): approximately 0.5 mg/mL
Reactivity: Human (other species dependent on clone validation)
Sample Volume and Typical Usage
Recommended sample volumes depend on assay format and platform and should be optimized experimentally. Common working ranges are summarized below.
Immunofluorescence / Immunocytochemistry
• Typical staining volume: 50–200 µL per sample
• Applicable to coverslips, chamber slides, well plates, tissue sections, and on-chip chambers
• Nuclear permeabilization is required
Organoid and 3D Culture Staining
• Typical staining volume: 100–500 µL per sample
• Volume depends on construct size and matrix density
• Extended incubation improves nuclear penetration
Microfluidic and Biodevice Platforms
• Typical staining volume: 10–100 µL per device
• Volume depends on channel geometry and chamber volume
• Flow-assisted staining may enhance uniform labeling
General notes
• Antibody concentration is more critical than absolute volume
• Maintain consistent antibody-to-cell ratios
• Optimization is recommended for each assay format
Selectivity and Compatibility
Cyclin D1 is selectively enriched in proliferating cells and dysregulated in many cancer types. The antibody is compatible with commonly used fixation and staining protocols and performs reliably across conventional culture systems, 3D models, and microengineered platforms.
Package Contents
Each unit contains
• Purified BioDeviceLab Cyclin D1 monoclonal antibody
• Lot-specific quality control documentation
Required Materials
• Fluorescent secondary antibody for unconjugated formats
• Fixation and permeabilization reagents
• Blocking and wash buffers
• Fluorescence microscope
• Optional isotype and negative controls
Sample Handling and Use
• Store according to label instructions
• Avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles
• Optimize permeabilization for nuclear access
• Include appropriate controls for comparative analyses
Quality Control
Each lot is evaluated for binding specificity and nuclear staining performance. The antibody is designed to support reproducible analysis of proliferation and cell-cycle regulation across diverse experimental systems.
Storage and Stability
• Store at 2–8 °C
• Do not freeze under standard storage conditions
• Protect from contamination and prolonged light exposure
• Proper storage preserves antibody stability and performance
Applications
• Cell-cycle and proliferation research
• Cancer biology and oncogenic signaling
• Organoid and 3D culture systems
• Organ-on-chip and microfluidic models
• Drug screening and response studies
• Immunofluorescence-based proliferation analysis
• Biosensor and biodevice validation
